For instance, let’s say this is the quote you want to use: “The brown leaves symbolize the death of their relationship, while the green buds suggest new opportunities will soon unfold. " If you just type that sentence into your essay and put quotes around it, your reader will be disoriented. Instead, you could incorporate it into a sentence like this: “The imagery in the story mirrors what’s happening in Lia’s love life, as ‘The brown leaves symbolize the death of their relationship, while the green buds suggest new opportunities will soon unfold. ‘”
“Critic Alex Li says, ‘The frequent references to the color blue are used to suggest that the family is struggling to cope with the loss of their matriarch. ‘” “According to McKinney’s research, ‘Adults who do yoga at least three times a week have lower blood pressure, better sleeping patterns, and fewer everyday frustrations. ‘” “Based on several recent studies, people are more likely to sit on the park benches when they’re shaded by trees. "
You still need to use quotation marks even if you’re only quoting a few words. If you’re in doubt, it’s best to be cautious and use quotes.
For example, let’s say you used the quote, “According to McKinney’s research, ‘Adults who do yoga at least three times a week have lower blood pressure, better sleeping patterns, and fewer everyday frustrations. ’” Your commentary might read, “This shows that yoga can have a positive impact on people’s health, so incorporating it into the workplace can help improve employee health outcomes. Since yoga makes employees healthier, they’ll likely have reduced insurance costs. ”
When you use a paraphrase, you still need to provide commentary that links the paraphrased material back to your thesis and ideas.
When you use a paraphrase, you still need to provide commentary that links the paraphrased material back to your thesis and ideas.
The reader will recognize that the material is a direct quote because it’s set off from the rest of the text. That’s why you don’t need to use quotation marks. However, you will include your citation at the bottom.
“In The Things They Carried, the items carried by soldiers in the Vietnam war are used to both characterize them and burden the readers with the weight they are carrying:The things they carried were largely determined by necessity. Among the necessities or near-necessities were P-38 can openers, pocket knives, heat tabs, wristwatches, dog tags, mosquito repellent, chewing gum, candy cigarettes, salt tablets, packets of Kool-Aid, lighters, matches, sewing kits, Military Payment Certificates, C rations, and two or three canteens of water. " (O’Brien 2)
Your block quote will use the same spacing as the rest of your paper, which will likely be double-spacing.
For example, “According to Li, “Rosa is the first sister to pick a rose because she’s the only one who’s begun to move on after their mother’s death” might become “According to Li, “Rosa is the first sister to pick a rose because she’s … begun to move on after their mother’s death. ” Don’t eliminate words to change the meaning of the original text. For instance, it’s not appropriate to use an ellipsis to change “plants did not grow faster when exposed to poetry” to “plants did … grow faster when exposed to poetry. ”
For example, let’s say you want to use the quote, “All of them experienced a more relaxed, calmer disposition after doing yoga for 6 months. ” This doesn’t tell the reader who you’re talking about. You could use brackets to say, “All of [the teachers in the study] experienced a more relaxed, calmer disposition after doing yoga for 6 months. ” However, if you know the study is talking about teachers, you couldn’t use brackets to say, “All of [society experiences] a more relaxed, calmer disposition after doing yoga for 6 months. ”
If you don’t explain your quote well, then it’s not helping your ideas. You can’t expect the reader to connect the quote back to your thesis for you.
For instance, you may prefer to use a long block quote to present a passage from a literary work that demonstrates the author’s style. However, let’s say you were using a journal article to provide a critic’s perspective on an author’s work. You may not need to directly quote an entire paragraph word-for-word to get their point across. Instead, use a paraphrase.
An MLA citation will look like this: (Lopez 24) For sources with multiple authors, separate their names with the word “and:” (Anderson and Smith 55-56) or (Taylor, Gomez, and Austin 89) If you use the author’s name in your lead-in to the quote, you just need to provide the year in parentheses: According to Luz Lopez, “the green grass symbolizes a fresh start for Lia (24). ”
An APA citation for a direct quote looks like this: (Ronan, 2019, p. 10) If you’re citing multiple authors, separate their names with the word “and:” (Cruz, Hanks, and Simmons, 2019, p. 85) If you incorporated the author’s name into your lead-in, you can just give the year and page number: Based on Ronan’s (2019, p. 10) analysis, “coffee breaks improve productivity. ”
For instance, a Chicago Style citation will look like this: (Alexander 2019, 125) If you’re quoting a source with multiple authors, separate them with the word “and:” (Pattinson, Stewart, and Green 2019, 175) If you already incorporated the author’s name into your quote, then you can just provide the year and page number: According to Alexander, “the smell of roses increases feelings of happiness” (2019, 125).
For MLA, you’d cite an article like this: Lopez, Luz. “A Fresh Blossom: Imagery in ‘Her Darkest Sunshine. ‘” Journal of Stories, vol. 2, no. 5, 2019, p. 15-22. [17] X Trustworthy Source Purdue Online Writing Lab Trusted resource for writing and citation guidelines Go to source In APA, you’d cite an article like this: Lopez, Luz. (2019). A Fresh Blossom: Imagery in “Her Darkest Sunshine. " Journal of Stories, 2(5), 15-22. [18] X Trustworthy Source Purdue Online Writing Lab Trusted resource for writing and citation guidelines Go to source For Chicago Style, your article citation would look like this: Lopez, Luz. “A Fresh Blossom: Imagery in ‘Her Darkest Sunshine. ‘” Journal of Stories 2 no. 4 (2019): 15-22. [19] X Trustworthy Source Purdue Online Writing Lab Trusted resource for writing and citation guidelines Go to source
If you’re struggling to explain the quote or link it back to your argument, then it’s likely not a good idea to include it in your essay.
Paraphrases and summaries work just like a direct quote, except that you don’t need to put quotation marks around them because you’re using your own words to restate ideas. However, you still need to cite the sources you used.
