Allow the patching compound to cure completely before proceeding. This may take 1-4 hours, depending on the exact product you use. You can find pre-mixed patching compound at any hardware store or home improvement center. Unless your floor is severely damaged, you’ll most likely only need a small bucket.
Polishing may not be necessary if your concrete floor is relatively new. However, it’s a good idea to go ahead with the process if the concrete shows any paint splotches, oil stains, or similar residue. If you’re staining a concrete floor that was previously covered with tile, you’ll need to use a floor grinder equipped with diamond bits to remove stubborn scraps of dried mortar from the floor. [3] X Research source You may need to use an extension cord to polish large rooms like foyers or galleries.
Polishing may not be necessary if your concrete floor is relatively new. However, it’s a good idea to go ahead with the process if the concrete shows any paint splotches, oil stains, or similar residue. If you’re staining a concrete floor that was previously covered with tile, you’ll need to use a floor grinder equipped with diamond bits to remove stubborn scraps of dried mortar from the floor. [3] X Research source You may need to use an extension cord to polish large rooms like foyers or galleries.
If you don’t have a Shop-Vac on hand, sweep up as much dust as you can with a heavy push broom and dustpan, then go over the area again using a standard household vacuum with a floor attachment.
After cleaning the floor, go over it with a squeegee to remove as much standing water as possible. If your floor is especially grimy or oily, you may need to apply a small amount of trisodium phosphate (TSP) or a similar degreaser to lift away heavy residue. [6] X Research source
Not all concrete stains require the surface to be etched—in fact, some products advise against it. Be sure to read the recommended uses of the stain you’re working with before you attempt to etch your floor. When applied correctly, the etching acid will create tiny imperfections in the smooth concrete, making it easier for substances like stains to permeate the surface.
Take your time and work carefully to make sure everything is properly protected. Concrete stain can be extremely difficult to remove once it’s been applied.
Some acid-based etching agents and stains give off fumes that are mildly toxic. If possible, put on a respirator or dust mask as well to minimize your exposure.
A pump sprayer will offer the greatest speed and efficiency. If you plan on applying the stain with a roller or brush, you’ll need to do your mixing in a large plastic bucket. [10] X Research source Pull on a pair of rubber gloves before you begin mixing the stain. If you happen to get any on your skin, it may take weeks to wash off!
Even if you work back to front, it’s recommended that you wear a pair of old shoes that you don’t mind potentially getting ruined.
If you’re using a brush or roller, apply the stain in outward-fanning strokes, overlapping each previous stripe by 2–3 inches (5. 1–7. 6 cm) as you go. Apply just enough stain to produce a thin, even coat. You don’t want to use so much that puddles form on the surface of the concrete. [12] X Research source Wear rubber gloves and safety goggles while you work to protect yourself from harmful chemicals and stubborn messes.
Avoid bearing down too hard with the broom, as this may leave behind bristle marks in the wet stain. Alternatively, you can use a rag to spread the stain by hand using loose circular motions. The rag approach is slower, but it will help prevent unsightly bristle marks. [14] X Research source
Different types of stains can have drastically different drying times. As always, be sure to consult your product’s instructions to find out exactly how long to let it set. [16] X Research source Be aware that the color of the newly-stained surface may change slightly as the stain dries.
Be sure to soak up the water quickly after checking the color to prevent the stain from blotching or running.
Remember to spray, roll, or brush the stain on in an alternating pattern to minimize the appearance of stroke lines. Allow each coat to dry for 3-4 hours before determining whether additional coats are still needed.
The longer you let your stain dry, the better. Even if it’s dry to the touch, the reaction caused by introducing the sealant may weaken its hold on the concrete.
Review the instructions that came with your stain. Some stains recommend adding baking soda to the cleaning solution to neutralize unwanted chemical reactions. If you don’t clean your newly-stained floor before sealing it, dust particles could become permanently trapped in the sealant layer.
For best results, use the type of sealant recommended by the manufacturer of your particular stain. Interior concrete floors are typically sealed with wax. For high-traffic areas, however, urethane-coated epoxy sealants will ensure a resilient, long-lasting finish. [20] X Research source
You shouldn’t need more than a single even coat of sealant, but if you do decide to use multiple coats, be sure to wait 45 minutes to an hour between applications. [22] X Research source Don’t forget to remove your painter’s tape after the sealant has properly cured.
