A person with mild hypothermia will have a body temperature of 90°F to 95°F or 32°C to 35°C. A person with moderate hypothermia will have a body temperature of 82°F to 90°F or 28°C to 32°C. A person with severe hypothermia will have a body temperature below 82°F or 28°C. Often, a caregiver will notice if a person is suffering from symptoms of hypothermia, as the condition can cause poor judgement, confusion, and changes in behavior in the person. The affected person may not realize they have hypothermia and will need to be checked to confirm their condition.
Constant shivering. Tiredness and low energy. Cold or pale skin. Hyperventilation. This is when the person has difficulty breathing or has shallow or muffled breathing. The person may also have slurred speech and be unable to do basic tasks like pick up objects or move around the room.
Confusion or drowsiness. Tiredness and low energy. Cold or pale skin. Hyperventilation, and slow or shallow breathing. A person with moderate hypothermia will usually stop shivering completely and may have slurred speech or poor judgement. They may try to shed his clothing even though they are cold. These are signs his condition is deteriorating and require immediate medical attention.
Bring the person to the hospital if they are unconscious and have a weak pulse. These are all signs of severe hypothermia. Someone with severe hypothermia may appear to be dead, but it’s important to call emergency services right away to determine if they are in a state of hypothermia and can still be treated. This is a life-threatening situation. Medical treatment can still be used to resuscitate people with severe hypothermia, though it is not always successful.
If you suspect your baby has hypothermia, call 911 to ensure he gets medical care right away.
Use towels, blankets, or other clothing to protect the person from the cold ground. Don’t let the person help in their own treatment, as this will only expend more of their energy and worsen their condition.
If you use hot water bottles or a hot pack, wrap them in a towel before applying them to these areas. Do not attempt to warm his arms, hands, and legs. Heating or massaging these limbs can cause stress on his heart and lungs and could lead to other serious health issues. [14] X Trustworthy Source Mayo Clinic Educational website from one of the world’s leading hospitals Go to source Do not try to warm up the person by rubbing his body with your hands. This will only irritate his skin and cause shock to his body. [15] X Research source
Avoid giving the person alcohol as it will slow down the rewarming process. Don’t give them cigarettes or tobacco products. These products can interfere with their circulation and slow down the rewarming process. [17] X Trustworthy Source National Health Service (UK) Public healthcare system of the UK Go to source
Locate the center of the person’s chest. Identify the space between their ribs, a bone called the sternum. Place the heel of one hand over the center of their chest. Put your other hand over the first and interlace your fingers. Keep your elbows straight and align your shoulders over your hands. Begin compressions. Push down on the center of their chest as hard as possible. Pump at least 30 times, hard and fast. Do this to the rate of at least 100/minutes. You can pump to the beat of the disco hit “Stayin’ Alive” to maintain a steady rhythm. Allow the person’s chest to rise fully after every pump. Tilt the person’s head back and lift their chin. Pinch their nose and cover their mouth with yours. Blow until you see their chest rise. Give two breaths. Each breath should take one second. CPR is to be continued for a prolonged period. There have been reports of younger patients with severe hypothermia surviving an hour of CPR. If there is another person present, try switching off performing CPR so you don’t become exhausted.
A person with mild to moderate hypothermia and no other injuries or issues will likely not need to be taken to the hospital. The EMT may recommend more home treatment, with gradual rewarming of the person. But a person with more severe hypothermia will need to be observed in the hospital.
Cardiopulmonary bypass is when blood is withdrawn from the body, warmed up, and then returned to the body. This is also known as extracorporeal membranous oxygenation (ECMO). [22] X Trustworthy Source National Health Service (UK) Public healthcare system of the UK Go to source This technique is only available at major hospitals that have specialist emergency services or units that regularly perform heart surgery. A person with severe hypothermia often stands a better chance of surviving if she is taken directly to one of these hospitals, even if it means bypassing a smaller hospital along the way. Alternatives to cardiopulmonary bypass include warmed iv fluids, chest tubes with warm irrigation, and/or warmed hemodialysis.
